Nigeria Braces Against Marburg Virus, To Screen Incoming Passengers

The Nigerian government has heightened surveillance measures to prevent the spread of Marburg Virus Disease (MVD), following Rwanda’s first outbreak declaration on September 27, 2024.

Dr. Jide Idris, Director General of the Nigeria Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (NCDC), in a press briefing on Thursday, announced the activation of health declaration forms for inbound passengers, particularly from affected regions.

Rwanda’s outbreak has reported 62 confirmed cases and 15 fatalities as of October 15, 2024. The World Health Organization (WHO) classifies MVD as a Grade 3 emergency, with case fatality rates ranging from 24% to 88% in past outbreaks.

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MVD, formerly known as Marburg hemorrhagic fever, is a severe and often fatal illness. The virus spreads through direct contact with infected bodily fluids, contaminated surfaces and materials. Fruit bats are believed to carry the virus, posing transmission risks to populations consuming them as delicacies.

“The virus is highly infectious and similar to Ebola viral disease,” warned Dr. Idris. “We urge Nigerians to remain vigilant, avoid contact with wild animals and seek immediate medical attention if symptoms occur.”

To combat the outbreak, the NCDC has:

– Activated Health Declaration Forms: for incoming passengers from affected regions
– Identified Isolation Centers: to immediately isolate suspected cases
– Stockpiled Medical Supplies: to handle potential cases
– Enhanced Surveillance: monitoring travel between Nigeria and Rwanda

Neighboring countries, including Democratic Republic of Congo, Uganda and Tanzania, have previously reported MVD outbreaks. The WHO supports Rwanda’s response through incident management, epidemiology and infection prevention.

Dr. Idris emphasized, “While there’s no specific treatment or vaccine, preparedness is key. We’re working closely with stakeholders to respond effectively.”

Nigerians traveling to affected regions are advised to exercise caution and report symptoms promptly. The NCDC’s proactive measures aim to prevent local transmission and protect public health.

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